World News
World population could peak at 8.5 billion by 2040
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Sylvie Claire / March 28, 2023
According to a new forecast by the Earth4All project, the world’s population will peak at 8.5 billion as early as 2040 and decline by 2 billion by the end of the century.
That’s 40 years earlier than the United Nations (UN) forecast. According to Earth4All, however, this faster decline would require a “giant leap” in investment in economic development, education and health.
Since the middle of the 20th century, the world has experienced massive population growth: between 1950 and 2020, the world’s population is estimated to have tripled, according to United Nations figures. While this growth has generally slowed for some time, this is not the case in all regions.
Researchers from the Earth4All initiative released a report Monday in which they outline two possible scenarios for the future. In the first, the world continues to develop economically as it has over the past 50 years. The population would then peak at 8.6 billion around 2046 and shrink to 7.3 billion by 2100. In the second scenario, this peak could be reached ten years earlier, provided that greater attention is paid to poverty reduction and gender equality. In this case, the Earth would have only 6 billion inhabitants in 2100.
Earth4All experts believe that other population projections often underestimate the importance of rapid economic development. “We know that rapid economic development in low-income countries has a significant impact on fertility rates,” said Per Espen Stoknes, director of Earth4All. “Fertility rates decline when girls have access to education and women are economically empowered and have access to better health care. »
Catherina Hinz, director of the Berlin Institute for Population and Development, doubts the feasibility of a peak in 2040. “Even if we invest today in the necessary areas, it will take time to change fertility rates worldwide.
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Eva Deschamps / October 31, 2023
Since the start of the war between Israel and Hamas on October 7, 63 employees of the UN agency for Palestinian refugees (UNRWA) have already lost their lives in the Gaza Strip. Ten aid workers have been killed in the last 72 hours, according to this new toll released by the agency on its website on Monday.
At least 22 UNRWA staff were also injured. Since October 7, 44 UNRWA facilities have also been destroyed. Of its 22 health centers, only nine are still operational, the UN agency said, warning that the provision of health care is made even more difficult by the very low fuel supply.
The UN agency had previously reported that several of its warehouses had been looted. “Due to the very limited aid available and overcrowded shelters, growing tensions are being reported within the displaced communities,” it stressed. Some 672,000 refugees are living in 149 UNRWA facilities across the Gaza Strip, “in increasingly difficult conditions”. “The ability to provide vital assistance was further hampered by the 36-hour communications blackout between October 27 and 29”, UNRWA added.
In all, an estimated 1.4 million people have been displaced in the Gaza Strip. Over 120,000 of them have taken refuge in public buildings such as hospitals and schools.
“The aid currently available is insufficient to meet the most basic needs of displaced people and the communities hosting them”, warns the UN agency.
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Sylvie Claire / October 31, 2023
This research into mammal reproduction in space could prove crucial for future solar system exploration missions.
Mouse embryos were grown on board the International Space Station (ISS) and developed normally, according to a Japanese study published in the scientific journal “iScience” on Saturday, October 28.
This is “the very first study to show that mammals might be able to thrive in space”, claim Yamanashi University and the Riken National Research Institute.
The researchers, including Teruhiko Wakayama, a professor at Yamanashi University’s Center for Advanced Biotechnology, and a team from the Japanese space agency Jaxa, sent frozen mouse embryos aboard a rocket to the ISS in August 2021. The astronauts thawed the embryos at an early stage, using a specially designed device, and cultured them on board the station for four days.
The experiment “clearly demonstrated that gravity had no significant effect”, noted the researchers. After analyzing the blastocysts (cells that develop into fetuses and placentas) that were returned to their laboratories on Earth, they observed no particular changes in the state of DNA and genes.
“In the future, it will be necessary to transplant blastocysts grown in microgravity on the ISS into mice to see if the mice can give birth,” in order to confirm that the blastocysts are normal, say Yamanashi University and the Riken Institute.
This research could prove crucial for future space exploration and colonization missions. As part of its Artemis program, NASA plans to send humans back to the Moon to learn how to live there in the long term, and to prepare for a trip to Mars in the late 2030s.
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Steph Deschamps / October 25, 2023
The world’s oldest dog died last weekend in Portugal. Bobi, a purebred Rafeiro de l’Alentejo, was 31 years and 165 days old, reports the British public broadcaster BBC on Monday.
Last February, Bobi entered the Guinness Book of Records as not only the oldest living dog, but also the oldest dog of all time.
The old record had been held for almost 100 years by Bluey from Australia. He died in 1939 at the age of 29 years and five months.
Bobi has spent his entire life with the Costa family in the village of Conqueiros, near the west coast of Portugal.
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